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Check How to Install Gentoo Linux
Gentoo Linux is a computer operating system that uses Linux or FreeBSD as its kernel. It is free and open source software. It is called a metadistribution because of its ease of use, portability, and modular architecture. Gentoo Linux was developed using a technology known as Portage, which allows Gentoo Linux to be configured for different environments and role requirements. It can be installed and configured as a standard server, high-end gaming machine, professional/personal desktop and more.
It allows users to select features and services that are essential and tailored to their hardware (and you can easily bypass non-essential programs and services to speed up system response). Due to its portability, Gentoo Linux can be installed on popular processor frameworks, including x86, IA-64, PA-RISC, and more. Today, most Linux distributions offer precompiled packages. This means that the distribution builds the packages on the developer’s machine.
While building packages is not necessarily an issue in today’s high-bandwidth world, there are a number of issues to consider with this distribution model. Compiled binaries mean that you have no control over how the program is compiled and what features are included in the program.
How to install Gentoo Linux
Download the Gentoo DVD image and prepare the network settings
- Before proceeding with the installation, go to the Gentoo download page and grab the latest released LiveDVD image.
- After burning the ISO image, place the DVD in your system’s DVD drive, restart your computer, select your bootable DVD, and the Gentoo LiveDVD prompt should appear on your screen. Select the first option (Gentoo x86_64) which starts the default Gentoo Kernel and then press the Enter key to continue.
- After loading the Gentoo DVD content, you will be prompted with the main Gentoo login screen which provides the default credentials for the live session. Press Enter to login, then go to the KDE start button and open a Terminal window.
- Now it’s time to check your network configuration and internet connectivity using the ifconfig command and ping against a domain. If you’re behind a DHCP server, your network card should automatically configure itself for you; otherwise use the commands net-setup or pppoe-setup and pppoe-start or dhcpcd eth0 (replace with the cable plugged in from your NIC) in case your NIC has problems with auto-detect DHCP settings.
Create disk partitions and file systems
- After your network connectivity has been established and confirmed, it is time to prepare the hard drive. The following GPT partition layout will be used, but the same partition layout can also be applied on an MBR BIOS disk using the fdisk utility.
- /dev/sda1 – size 20M – raw = BIOS boot partition
- /dev/sda2 – size 500M – filesystem ext2 = boot partition
- /dev/sda3 – 1000M size – Swap = Swap partition
- /dev/sda4 – rest of space – ext4 filesystem = root partition
- To create the system disk partition, switch to the root account and run the Parted utility with optimal alignment.
- $ sudo su –
- # parted -a optimal /dev/sda
- After entering the separate CLI interface, set the GPT tag on your hard drive.
- Use print to display the current partition status of your disk and remove any partitions (if any) using the rm partition number command. Then provide a drive of size MB or mib, create the first partition with primary mkpart, name it and set the boot flag to this partition.
- (match) unit MB
- (party) primary mkpart 1 20
- (party) name 1 food
- (match) set 1 bios_grub on
- (party) print
- Then create all the partitions using the same method as above.
boot partition
- (party) primary mkpart 21 500
- (match) name 2 boot
swap partition
- (party) primary mkpart 501 1501
- (separate) name 3 swap
root partition
- (party) primary mkpart 1502 -1
- (match) name 4 root
- Now it’s time to format the partitions using a specific Linux file system, activate the swap file, and mount the root and boot partitions to the /mnt/gentoo path.
- # mkfs.ext2 /dev/sda2
- # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4
- # mkswap /dev/sda3
- # swapon /dev/sda3
Download and extract Gentoo Stage 3 Tarball
- Before downloading Gentoo Stage 3 Tarball, check your system time and date using the date command, and in case there is a big time desynchronization, use the following syntax to synchronize the time.
- # date MMDDhhmmYYYY ##(Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Year)
- Now it’s time to download Gentoo Stage 3 Tarball. Proceed to the path /mnt/gentoo and use the links command to navigate to the Gentoo Mirror list and select the closest mirrors for your country -> releases -> amd64 (or your system architecture) -> current-iso – > stage3-cpu-architecure-release-date.tar.bz2.
- # cd /mnt/gentoo
- # links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml
- After selecting the Tarball press [Enter] select OK, wait for the download to finish, and exit the links.
- In the next step, extract the Stage 3 Tarball file with the following command.
- # tar xvjpf stage3-amb64-20140522.tar.bz2
Final remarks: How to Install Gentoo Linux
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