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Consider a key procedure that has been sitting on your system for a long time. Suddenly you are asked to log out of your system. Your trades will stop if you log out, which you’ll want to avoid. If you want to continue your operating process without interruption, use the nohup command. Nohup (no hangup) is a command that ignores the HUP signal. You are probably wondering what the HUP signal is. It is essentially a signal sent to a process when its linked shell terminates. When we log out, all operating applications and processes usually hang or cease. If we want to keep the process running even after logging out or disconnecting, we can use the current shell’s nohup command. It makes processes resistant to HUP signals, allowing the program to work even after the user logs out. You no longer need to log in for an extended period of time just to wait for the nohup procedure to complete.
nohup syntax
The syntax to use the nohup command is:
nohup [command] [argument]
nohup options
The nohup command has two basic command options, the –help and –version options. To display the help message, run the command:
nohup –help
To display version information, type:
nohup –version
Examples of nohup
There are several ways to use the nohup command, including running the required process in the background, running multiple processes simultaneously, or redirecting the output to a different file. The following examples explain common use cases for the nohup command.
Run a process with nohup
To run a command using nohup without any arguments, just follow the syntax:
nohup [command]
The shell ignores the output and adds it to the nohup.out file. For example, running the example.sh bash script (which is a simple Hello World script) should display the Hello World message in the nohup.out file:
nohup bash example.sh
Check the file content with:
cat nohup.out
Run a background process with nohup
Running a Linux process in the background frees up the terminal you’re working in. To run a Linux process in the background with the nohup command, add the & symbol to the end of the command:
nohup [command] &
For example, to run the example.sh bash script in the background, use the command:
nohup bash example.sh &
The output shows the shell job ID and the process ID: [1] 7366 in the example below. To bring the command to the foreground, type .
fg
The output indicates whether the process is in progress or complete.
Run multiple background processes with nohup
nohup bach-c'[command1] && [command2]’
Replace [command1] Y [command2] with the commands of your choice. Add more commands if needed, making sure to separate them with &&. For example, to display the date/time and calendar for the current month, run:
nohup bash -c ‘date && cal’cat nohup.out
Redirect output to a different file
- As mentioned in the previous section, nohup logs all output messages and errors to the nohub.out file.
- Redirect these messages by specifying a custom location within the command:
nohup [command] > /path/to/output/file.txt
- In the following example, the output of the command nohup bash -c ‘date && cal’ is redirected to the file output.txt. Check the output with the command:
cat output.txt
Final words: How to Utilize the nohup Command in Linux
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